Pbeegeine g



(No ModeL) BG. EAT.0N; O y CONSTRUCTION OF HOUSES FOR PURPOSES OI VENTILATION, 5o.y No. 255.603.

Patented Mar. 28,1882.

INVENTOR zz,

ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PEREGRINE o.. EATON, on sraINeVtLLE, NEW ronK.`

CoNSTRuCTloNoF HOUSES Fon PURPOSES 0F vENnLATloN, ac.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 255,608, dated March 28, 1882. I Application tiled FebruaryA 9, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known thatI, Pennenmn. G. EATON, a citizen of the United States, resident at Springville, in the county of Erie and State ot' New York, have invented a new and valuable lmprovement in Ventilating Houses; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description-of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, and to the letters and igures of reference marked thereon.

Figure l of the drawings is a representation of a front view ot' a house, partly in section, showing my improvement. Fig. 2 is a detail view of the upper corner of the house, and Fig. 3 is a perspective detail view of the rafters ot' the house.

This invention hasrelation to means for preventing snow from melting on the upper parts of houses, for cooling the upper apartments, and ventilating the cellar or lower portion; and it consists in the construction and novel ar-` rangement ofthe perforated orslotted plancher and perforated end rafters, and in the combination therewith of air-passages extending-upward between the lath and plaster and the outside sheathing, all as hereinafter set forth.

`The object of this invention is mainly to prevent snow from melting on the tops ot' houses and the resultant waterfrom hacking up at the edges of the roof` over the tips ofthe shingies and iiooding the house.

ln the accompanying drawings, the letter a designates the plancher or under part of the cornice ot'the roof ot a house. This projecting portion of the roof is built hollow, and the plancher is perforated around the'entire building with holes or slots b,- or the plancher may be made of two boards laid side by side, with an aperture or space of au inch or more or less between them. The aperture .or perforations are usually screened from view and shielded from the drivingsnow by means ot' a molding, c, having the upper rear corner rabbeted at d, thereby giving an L-shapod termination to the opening in theplancher. Through the aperture or perforations b cold air is let into the upper part of the house, under the root', along the under side of the eaves.

already referred to.

To obtain an outlet for the heated air and cause a goodcurrent, the outer or end rafters, e, are perforated with slots or holes g, thereby letting the currentof heated air enterthe end or gable cornice, lL,whe1iceittinds exitat the peak through the aperture or holes in the plancher,

By the simple means described the roof of ahouse can be kept cool, so that the snow will melt thereon only duringa rise of temperature outside the house, and caunot therefore freeze at the edge ofthe roof and bank up. The current of air passing along under the roof can be greatly increased and the cellarage, or space between the house and the ground, thoroughly ventilated, removing dead air and preventing dampness, by the following devices: The upper inside corners of the sills t 7c are beveled at intervals, forming passages I, which allow the air from the cellar to ascend between thelath and plasterf and the outside sheathing, m, to the top of the wall of the house, where it passes through openings p and joins the current under the roof.

In constructions where a plate is used as a support for the rafters the openings p are made in the plate; but it is preferred to connect the tops of the studding by means of inside and outside boards, s, on which the rafters are designedtoberested. Theopeningbetweenthese boards affords a large and free passage forthe air.

An additional beneficial effect ot' the construction is designed to be found in the rooms next the roof, these being rendered cool and pleasant in the heat ot' summer and preferable as sleepingapartments to the rooms below.

The various apartments of the house may be ventilated in an improved manner through the medium of the deviceshereinbefore described, suitable register-openings being provided leading into the space between the studs behind the plaster. The air passes up through the openings in the plate or between the boards s at the top ofthe wall. If the wallis plastered no higher than this point, a horizontal box or conduit, z, is arranged over the openings p and connected with said openings, so that the draft coming up between the studs which contine the room-ventilation passes into `said box, whereby it is conveyed through an opening in the end rat'ter into the end cornice of the building, whence it passes out through the venti- IOO lating-openings in the plancher. struction it will be seen that the side-Wall ventilation does not join the roof-current until the cornice is reached, so that the warm air from high as the roof-ties, the box or air-conduit z is placed above the ties, and a flue, w, is constructed next the lath and plaster by means of a partition, z', said ue leading from the openingsp at the top of the side wall to the conduit. The partition z is built between the rafters r', which are above the studs s', which con tine the room-ventilation, and is parallel to the roofboards and separated therefrom by a space, o, forming an air-flue next the root' for the passage of the cool current from the cornice.

It will be observed that the draft from the cornice passes over the partition z', While the draft from the side wall passes under the same.

Having described this invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

In this conl 1. The plancher a, having the aperture or per- I forations b and the perforated end rafters, e, combined substantially 'as specified.

2. Theplanchera,havingtheapertureorperforations b and the rabbeted guard-molding c, combined substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with the perforated plancher a and the perforated end rafters, e, of the air-passages l in the sills and the opening in the top ofthe wall, substantially as speci- 4. The combination, with the perforated plancher and the perforated end rafters, of the air-passages in the sills, the side-wall airpas sages, and the air box or conduit leading from the top of the side-wall air-passages to the end rafter, as specified.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

PEREGRINE e. EATON.

Witnesses:

Soo'rr CUMMINGs, EDWARD C. SMtTI-I. 

